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X #Xw P7[hXP#!xDistr. !xRESTRICTED ! !xST/SG/AC.10/R.547 !x27 September 1996 !xENGLISH ONLY  ?+ 4COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS  (Nineteenth session, Geneva, 211 December 1996 agenda item 4 (a)) IACTIVITIES RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AGENDA 21 SCJoint ILO/UNCommittee Working Group on Harmonised classification Ocriteria for flammability and reactivity   X 4?Z mjf1B""?+Z mjf1B""Z 3 jC1B""++@ ESubmitted by the experts from Germany and the United Kingdom ă  YG > Presented by the Chairman of the Working Group on criteria for flammability  X`  Hand by the Chairman of the Working Group for reactivity ă  X Z 3 jC1B""` hp  + Introduction In Rio de Janeiro in 1992 the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) concluded, inter alia, Agenda21, Chapter19, with a request to develop a set of harmonised classification criteria for dangerous substances, which should be used for all classification purposes of such substances whatever the purpose of regulations may be (including health, handling, use, worker; consumer and environmental protection, transport). GE.96 (RV8/R547EN),---RRԌ.|WST/SG/AC.10/R.547 page .}  Y chsCC~ST/SG/AC.10/R.547  Y chsCC~page  RN  ++ Following that decision, international organisations and fora concerned decided to group the different criteria and to establish focal points to develop proposals for harmonised criteria on the basis of existing classification systems and existing sets of criteria. For physicalchemical hazards, ILO and the UNCommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods formed two joint working groups in December1994, one for criteria for reactivity of substances and one for criteria for flammability of substances. Both working groups held three sessions in July1995, December1995 and in July1996. All delegations represented in the UNCommittee and representatives from ILO took part in the work. The working groups concentrated on hazard levels, classification criteria and testing methods for the different hazard categories and criteria. Existing internationally recognised classification regimes and sets of criteria for the various types of protection were taken into account.  Xh  Working group on flammability  X  Scope of work The work covered definitions, testing methods and criteria for flammable solids, flammable liquids, flammable gases and for the flammable properties of aerosols. The working group defined suitable sets of hazard levels for each criterion, taking into account the risks and danger potential in all areas of use of these classes of dangerous substances. In some cases, it was discovered that certain dangerous substances or groups of substances exist, which are regarded as presenting a certain hazard by experience and expert judgement on a case by case basis, but which do not fit the defined criteria for the general dangerous properties of substances. For gases, the UNtransport system contains definitions of the physical state, e.g. refrigerated, liquified; these are used to determine suitable transport conditions. It is suggested, that there  Y! is no need to use them for other regulatory purposes. !+((  X Results After three sessions, the working group agreed on a consensus basis on definitions to distinguish between solids, liquids and gases, and on the hazard levels and the correlated sets of criteria and cutoff values as listed in Annexes1 to 4. All criteria and values are based on existing and internationally accepted test methods, as indicated in the Annexes. They may be applied to substances, mixtures and solutions such as formulations, preparations and wastes in the same manner.  X  Proposal The working group proposes definitions, hazard levels, correlated classification criteria and cutoff values for flammability of solid and liquid substances, mixtures and solutions (such as formulations, preparations and wastes), gases and gas mixtures for the globally harmonised approach as requested by the UNCED. The UN Committee and ILO are invited to agree these proposals and to submit them to the relevant international fora for worldwide acceptance and implementation. For aerosols, the working group presents the three existing definitions to the UNCommittee in order to agree on a single definition. Further work is needed on criteria for the flammable properties of aerosols. The working group therefore proposes that the UN Committee of Experts and the ILO should take note of the results achieved. The UN Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods may wish to consider whether to seek a mandate to continue this work in the biennium 1997/98 and, if so, to draft an appropriate resolution for debate at ECOSOC. +((  X  Working Group on Reactivity  X0  Scope of work This work covered the remaining physico chemical classification criteria not dealt with by the Group on flammability. This meant focusing on the definitions, test methods and criteria for explosive properties, organic peroxides, oxidisers, pyrophoricity, ability to self heating, self reactive and related substances, special groups of substances like desensitized explosives, ammoniumnitrate and ammoniumnitratefertilizers as well as substances which emit toxic and flammable gases when in contact with water.  X  Results At the end of the third session a table was devised, in line with that produced for the flammability working group, setting out the consensus reached on hazard categories, tests and criteria. These are listed in Annexes 58. They may be applied to substances, mixtures and solutions such as formulations, preparations and wastes in the same manner. The annexes also indicate a number of issues upon which it was not possible to reach a consensus. This was either due to lack of time to complete the discussion or in some cases where the divergence of views from delegations required further thought to be given to the formulation of proposals for harmonisation. The results set out in the Annexes, none the less, indicate a good deal of progress and some cause for optimism that, given further work a more complete set of criteria can be produced.  Xp  Proposal The attached tables 6 and 7 contain definitions, classification criteria and cut off values for the hazards relating to the properties dealt with under reactivity. The UNCommittee and the ILO are invited to agree these proposals and to submit them to the relevant international fora for worldwide acceptance and implementation. The UNCommittee and ILO are also asked to take note of the areas where consensus was not forthcoming and where further work will be needed. H&+((ԌThe UN Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods may wish to consider whether to seek a mandate to continue this work in the biennium 1997/98 and, if so, to draft an appropriate resolution for debate at ECOSOC.   Xx + DTable 1: Proposal for definitions for gases, liquids and solids ă P(Proposal adopted by the working group) J ddx!+^^^/@J    X. ^ ` hp  eO Definitions   E!+^^^/@A+^^^/ Yy@@E   Definition for gases and gas mixtures (substances, mixtures and solutions with a lower vapour pressure are regarded as liquids)Vapour pressure at 50 $C > 300 kPa or completely gaseous at 20 $C (at standard pressure of 101.3 kPa) U  Definition for liquids (substances not falling under this definition are regarded as solids)w Melting point _ 20 $C at 101.3 kPa or for viscous substances without a defined melting point, tested according to ASTM D 435990 or penetrometer test as prescribed in Annex A.3 of the ADRagreement with penetrometer according to ISO 2137:1985U  +((  Y Z< Table 2: Proposal for hazard levels for the classification of flammable liquids ă \ X(Proposal adopted by the working group) TA+^^^/ Yy@@a+^^^/I1c @@@@T U    X !beOXX Level  X 6  Uniform hazard  X 8 description  X ^ Characteristics  X  Testing methods   IVery high dangerto be developedInitial boiling point  35 $C and flashpoint < 23 $Cclosed cup methods to be taken, open cup methods only acceptable in special cases (may be determined)  high danger to be developed flashpoint < 23 $C and initial boiling point > 35 $C   medium danger}to be developed}flashpoint  23 $C and  60 $C}     low dangerZto be developedZflashpoint > 60 $C and  93 $CZ  }  Wr  Note : Special group: gasoils, diesel, light heating oils of flashpoint range 55 $C to 75 $C.r+((  X  <Table 3: Proposal for hazard levels for the classification of flammable solids ă P(Proposal adopted by the working group) ^a+^^^/I1c @@@@+^^^/H k @@@@^    } X  L Level  X 5  Uniform hazard  X 7 description  X b Criteria  X  Testing methods   Hhigh dangernot applicablefXXXЩ&ԩ YXXX  medium danger to be developed screening test: testing time 2 min (20 min for metal powders) burning rate test: time < 45 s or rate > 2 mm/s or  5 min for metal powders wetted zone does not stop fireo method as described in section 33 of the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria  =    low dangerLto be developedLmethod and test as described before wetted zone stops the fire for at least 4 minutes burning rate test time more than 5 min/and less than10min/for metal powder=  o4 +((  X  =Table 4: Proposal for hazard levels for the classification of flammable gases ă P(Proposal adopted by the working group)  Y+^^^/H k @@@@+^^^/[@@@Y = X o X) $ Level A X) ?M  Uniform ? hazard  X = description  X) oXXXX Characteristics and test methods X [ XXXXhigh dangerto be developedXXXXGases and gas mixtures, which at 20 $C and a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa, (a) are ignitable when in a mixture of 13 % or less by volume in air; or (b) have a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammable limit. Flammability should be determined by tests or by calculation in accordance with methods adopted by ISO (see ISO 10156:1996). Where insufficient data are available to use these methods, tests by a comparable method recognized by the competent authority may be used.[  X XXXXmedium dangerto be developedXXXXGases or gas mixtures, other than those of high danger, which, at 20 $C and a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa, have a flammable range in mixture in air.X    nXXXXlow danger\not applicable\XXXXnot applicable    WE  Note : special group: Ammonia, Methyl bromide.E+((  X  HTable 5: Draft proposal for the definition of aerosols ă (to be developed after agreement within the meeting of the UNCommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods in December 1996) (Criteria for flammability of Aerosols will need further consideration) +(( Xa KUi!X 6&6&StandardHPLASIII.PRSd6X&6 &6StandardrJet IIIPAMX+N | NR  R  +   }/9( U 1  1 !nv0dd|nnST/SG/AC.10/R.547 page /x:(&D U 1  1 !nv0ddWnn Y a KUi!Iu 2IIIE#Xw P7[hXP#ST/SG/AC.10/R.547I  Y  2IIEpage x  a KUi!` hp x "$B')+,.z0#&m P7 #{&P# ^+^^^/[@@@/// 4 @@@@@^    S? c TABLE 6 TESTS AND CRITERIA for reactive substances      S@ ` hp x "$B')+,.z0L  HAZARD  S CATEGORY  S@ 7  PHYSICAL  S 9/ STATE  S@ T\ PROPERTY  S@ _L L 6 TESTS AND CRITERIA  S@ ( COMMENTS   L 6L  Explosive3 L L Solid and LiquidL L  Explosibility Sensitiveness Thermal Stability QL L 6according to UN Series 2 according to UN Series 3 according to UN Series 3(c)QIntentional explosives not subject to Series 2 Reservation by Canada. UN transport system differentiates into subdivisions 1.1 to 1.4 and compatibility groups A to S to distinguish technical requirements O L 6L  Organic Peroxide 3 L L Solid and Liquid L L  Oxidising Explosibility Sensitivity Thermal StabilityL L 61. The UN scheme, test series A to H, but subdivisions may not be necessary for all systems. 2. Lower cutoff level was not agreed, and will need to be resolved. The difference between the EU Supply side lower cut off value and that for the UN transport system needs further discussion.O   L 6L  Oxidiser9 L L SolidL L  OxidisingL L 6UN Test 0.1    L 6L  8e L L LiquidL L  OxidisingL L 6UN Test 0.2 l     L 6L  ]9 L L GasesmL L  OxidisingmL L 6To be developed /Possibility of using ISO 10156. Further work on this is being carried out.   l L 6L  Pyrophoric09 L L Solid0L L  Pyrophoricity0L L 6UN Test N2    /L 6L  8e L L LiquidL L  PyrophoricityL L 6UN Test N3     L 6L  Selfheater;[ L L L L  SelfheatingL L 6UN Test N4Different hazard levels in UN Scheme.2 L vv  L 6L  Selfreactive3 L L Solid and LiquidL L  Explosibility Sensitivity Thermal Stability L L 6 UN Test Series A to HSystems not based on the UN should consider a separate classification for selfreactive substances.  L 6L  Substances related to selfreactive substances and desensitised explosives.3 L L Solid and LiquidL L  Explosibility Sensitivity Thermal StabilityL L 6To be based on UN tests, but further discussion required.1. Harmonisation should be based on UN but further improvements need to be discussed. 2. Desensitised explosives should be a clearly identifiable category. Considerably more work required to resolve this issue. G L 6L  React with water giving flammable gases. #3 L L Solid and Liquid#L L  Reactivity to produce flammable gas#L L 6 UN Test N5.#Test N5 procedure amended slightly.G   L 6L  React with water giving toxic gasesSolid and LiquidReactivity to produce toxic gasL L 6Discussion started, but further information and work required.  W     #L 6L  Ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate fertilisers. 3 L L Solid and LiquidL L  Can meet different criteria, e.g. explosive, oxidisingL L 6Progress can be made on the basis of existing UN numbers and descriptions.More discussion and debate required, may possibly be regarded as a special groupW   L vv  S L 6a Kp #  N  &6 &6StandardrJet IIIPAM6& 6&StandardrJet IIIPAM+X#N   N .9(;2ST/SG/AC.10/R.547 page .:(<2a T 66ahwwvST/SG/AC.10/R.547Ơ#w  T 66ahwwvpage  6KTable 7: Definitions for reactive properties ă # &m P7 #{&P# ^/// 4 @@@@@!#! 4!@@@^    S # HAZARD CATEGORY %*OR GROUP OF $SUBSTANCES OR  S &ARTICLES * S EZ  PHYSICAL  Sw GSTATE  S { DEFINITION  b  ExplosiverGsSolid I3 F=Liquidsolid or liquid substances (or mixtures of substances) which are in themselves capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings, including pyrotechnic substances. articles containing one or more explosive substances, except devices containing explosive substances in such quantity or of such a character that their inadvertent or accidental ignition shall