Trends in Europe and North America is a selection of international statistics prepared by the Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) on its member countries.

Sources

The statistics appearing in the publication have been compiled from a wide range of national and international sources.

Data for the tables have three main sources: the replies of the National Statistical Offices to annual ECE questionnaires, the published or unpublished data collections of other international organizations, and the official national sources. The relevant source(s) are indicated for each table and chart. These sources that are available on Internet are listed at the end of this publication.

Data in the country profiles have been compiled based on the same sources as the relevant tables in the second part of the publication (e.g. population data on tables in Chapter 1, employment in Chapter 4, economy in Chapter 5, etc.).

Country-specific notes

Cyprus: in general, data refer to the government-controlled area. The exceptions are total population and area – these data refer to the whole of Cyprus.

Israel: the coverage of the data provided by the Central Bureau of Statistics, Israel, does not always coincide with the map given in the country profiles of this publication.

Serbia and Montenegro: The country was previously called Yugoslavia. Following the adoption and the promulgation of the Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro by the Assembly of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 4 February 2003, the name of the State of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was changed to Serbia and Montenegro. After 1999, the data exclude Kosovo and Metohia.

Comparability of data

Comparability across countries is not always perfect and may be affected by differences in data collection, statistical methods and definitions. Where the sources specifically mention a particular weakness in comparability, this is indicated at the end of the table or chart concerned.

Time period

The data in Part 1 (country profiles) are for 2001, if not otherwise indicated.

In Part 2, in cases where table headings refer to a combination of years, e.g. 2000/2001, most of the data presented are from 2001. When not available, data from 2000 have been used instead. The use of a hyphen, e.g. 1995-2000, signifies either an average for this period or annual data covering the period.

In Chapter 3 on education, the years quoted in the tables refer to the start of the academic year.

Units of measurement

The units of measurement are indicated in each table. Metric ton is the standard unit of weight used. The term "billion" signifies a thousand million.

The data on energy use (final consumption of energy) per capita in country profiles are given in tonnes of oil equivalent.

Regional groupings

"Central and eastern Europe" refers to the following countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, and The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.

"Commonwealth of Independent States" (CIS) refers to Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.

The "European Union" (EU) refers to Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.

Definitions

Technical explanations and data definitions are found in the glossary, which is organized by chapter.

	..	Not applicable
	…	Not available
	-	Magnitude zero
	0	Less than 0.5
	¦	Break in series
	Tonnes	Metric tons
	Ha	Hectare
	Kcal	Kilocalorie
	Kg	Kilogram
	Km2	Square kilometres
	Kwh	Kilowatt hour
	mm	Millimetres
	Mtoe	Millions of tons of oil equivalent
	PPPs	Purchasing power parities
	tonnes-km	Tonnes-kilometres
	%	percentage
	°C	Degrees centigrade

	ACI	Airports Council International
	CIS	Commonwealth of Independent States
	C.I.F.	Cost, insurance and freight
	CPI	Consumer Price Index
	COE	Council of Europe
	ECMT	European Conference of Ministers of Transport
	EU	European Union
	EUROSTAT	Statistical Office of the European Communities
	FAO	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
	F.O.B.	Free on board
	FYR of Macedonia	The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
	GDP	Gross domestic product
	GEO-3	Global Environment Outlook 3 (UNEP)
	GMT	Greenwich mean time
	IEA	International Energy Agency
	ILO	International Labour Organization
	IMF	International Monetary Fund
	INTERPOL	International Criminal Police Organization
	INTRACEN	International Trade Centre (UNCTAD / WTO)
	IPU	Inter-Parliamentary Union
	IRF	International Road Federation
	ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
	ITU	International Telecommunications Union
	IUCN	International Union for the Conservation of Nature (World Conservation Union)
	IUR	International Union of Railways
	LFS	Labour Force Survey
	OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
	UN	United Nations
	UNAIDS	Joint United Nations Programme on HIV / AIDS
	UNCJIN	United Nations Criminal Justice Information Network
	UNCTAD	United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
	UNDP	United Nations Development Programme
	UNECE	United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
	UNEP	United Nations Environment Programme
	UNESCO	United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
	UNFCCC	United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
	UNFPA	United Nations Population Fund
	UNHCR	United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
	UNICEF	United Nations Children's Fund
	UNSD	United Nations Statistics Division
	UNU	United Nations University
	UPU	Universal Postal Union
	US	United States of America
	WHO	World Health Organization
	WMO	World Meteorological Organization
	WTO	World Tourism Organization
	WTO	World Trade Organization