WPC% ܎Oz[k@duxD?aSt+i@-e՘egL3Yk ?[$N &+cG+tԌ+I#1]AY^_*1k)NZ;<ްӎ݋U|Oׇb?np:`܋C7 3gYmlANd|WDf*y>4|R +mmv^kMY7?5!A}mA8ߏmDz5)黣c`v=*p0 `k<S  yuN"E: ^uG9 3N@g呂Hԩaήsԉ9෌Y柰(١oi o)@s=EX 8Y$.ro-n+"p߇ 5X͝뙜5U'B %(. 0U.] 0 0{ 0t 0 0 0on 0(w@(4hU%F| D+ 0 0=X 0 AQ: 0U:0j Be 0C BUBUF'UFmUF 0UFUF ES U ] 0!UF"""""#;#;#;#UQ# 0$UFL%\  `*Times New RomanTT'  THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS REGISTERS IN CEN-TRAL ASIAN <Drs. H.P.M.M. van der Ven0UNECE .   H4heading 1heading 1&    C%2A`ArialTTC     UK  US     &&&W\  `*Times New RomanTTW'  %2A`ArialTTH4heading 2heading 2&    XXXC%2A`ArialTTC     UK    US     &&&W\  `*Times New RomanTTW'  H4heading 3heading 3&    XXXC%2A`ArialTTC     UK  US     &&&W\  `*Times New RomanTTW'  h:Default ParaDefault Paragraph FontXXXW\  `*Times New RomanTTW        &&&W\  `*Times New RomanTTW4-"*ListList       UK  US     H-"4Body TextBody Text       UK  US     T:Document MapDocument Map  &&&C%2A`ArialTTC     UK  US     &&&W\  `*Times New RomanTTW3|x\  `*Times New RomanTTC\  P6QP\  `*Times New RomanTT&&J\  P6Q&P%2A`ArialTTomanTTg2PQP%2A`ArialTTomanTTXXX2PQXP\  `*Times New RomanTTXXP\  P6QXP%2A`ArialTTomanTT&&Q2PQ&P(b$&&&&&&      abUba b bDUJ5$; 9Z .Courier New Regular'dxd Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(}2-$ !&&&&&&       ($    (}2-$ !&&&&&&       C<< cV-":footnote texfootnote text       UK  US     <6X9`("Courier NewTT  $a$ && &&&&          1    !&P8 &&&ԀPaperpreparedbyMr.UKUS.,HVanderVen,StatisticsNetherlands# && &"&P8##&P8 &&&  # && &&P86#US.,UK.,&&P8 &&&GE.98# && &%&P8#K Kd  $a$&&&&&&          1    "&P8 &&&ԀPaperpreparedbyMr.UKUS.,HVanderVen,StatisticsNetherlands#&& &"&P8#&P8 &&& R #&& &&P86#US.,UK.,%&P8 &&&GE.9830265#&& &%&P8#($     d\  `*Times New RomanTT<L4 9Z .Courier New Regular<L4 9Z .Courier New Regular; 9Z .Courier New Regular(~(3a$ !&&&&&&           0  <L4 9Z .Courier New Regular<L4 9Z .Courier New Regular  *l'&&&&&&       '&&+   'X>XX'CES/SEM.37/4 R page  1  #+ ##&&ꉙ#(~3l$ !&&&&&&       ; 9Z .Courier New Regular                K 3l(&&&&&&         &&4 CES/SEM.37/4  page  3  #4 ##&&ꉉ#(~3l$ !&&&&&&       ; 9Z .Courier New Regular !&&&&&&       'RpUKUS.,TRWP6&A43'6&A43'T33        ,oN-,D.Q/oN&    n&&Sn    UKUK.,     9% 9 #q [X9  DS  D u      _      I     Distr. R       UKUK.,     u      _      I     GENERAL'UK.,UK.,      USUK., u      _      I     CES/SEM.37/4 u      _      I     54February19986" AIQ!N6 ?  ?    7      ? Original:ENGLISHONLY  A') xdE'KA \   E+ 9 AIQ!AXE  STATISTICALCOMMISSIONand   7      ? COMMISSIONOFTHEEUROPEAN#^  ?#  ^#D a# DUK.,US.,+USUK., W   ECONOMICCOMMISSIONFOREUROPE#^  X #  ^#D # DUK.,US., USUK., 7      ? COMMUNITIES(EUROSTAT) (   CONFERENCEOFEUROPEANSTATISTICIANS   x      JointUNECE/Eurostatseminaronbusinessregisters 1  (Geneva,1920February1998)  z    #^  ; ##S ^} #UK.,US., ^ S  ^   THEDEVELOPMENTOFBUSINESSREGISTERSINCENTRALASIAN 2ԀREPUBLICS j ЀO UK.,UK.,    &P8 & && &&P8'R_  &&   Anevaluationofacooperationproject ' 2        UKUK.,    PapersubmittedbytheCentralBureauofStatistics,Netherlands   1       c  UK.,UK.,       &    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D  1.Introduction  Ϥ   UK.,UK.,        '*                   UKUK.,  1.  Atthebeginningof1995withintheTACISframeworkaprojectwasdefined I toprovideassistancewiththedevelopmentofbusinessregistersin5CentralAsiancountries:Kazakhstan,Kyrgystan,Tadjikistan,TurkmenistanandUzbekistan.Thisprojectwasbasedonamixedapproach:meetingswithallthe5countrieswerecombinedwithindividualconsultancy. vϤ2.  Themainobjectiveofthisprojectwastocreateanadministrativebusiness # register(aregisterwithlegalunits),whichcouldserveasabasisforthedevelopmentofastatisticalbusinessregister.Itwasplannedtoreachthisobjectiveattheendof1996.Theprojectrelatedactionsweredirectedtodevelopthestatisticalfunctionandnottheadministrativefunction.3.  Anotherimportantobjectivewasthetransferofknowledge.Precedingthe $_!) startofthisprojectallcountriesparticipatedinlecturesonthefeaturesofamodernstatisticalsystem:thelogicalframeworkforalltheprojectactions.TheBusinessregisterprojectwasfullycoordinatedwithaprojectonEnterprisestatistics,whichwasstartedatthesametime.ThefirstprojectmeetingwasinϜ) (~%. .QpR  -,DRp  ,oNp  April1995,thelastmeetingwasinDecember1998.Intotal4commonmeetingshavetakenplaceand7individualconsultanciesrestrictedto3countriesϐ(Kazakhstan4,Uzbekistan2andKyrgystan1).Thecommonmeetingswereworkshopswiththefollowingstructure: UK.,UK.,             UKUK.,  <( 9 #q [X<Ӝ   u 0  u a.  discussionoftheprogress v## 0  '    u b.  introduction/discussionofmethodologicalaspects/casesm ## М   u 0  u c.  discussionofactualproblemsandexchangeofexperiences@ S##  7UK.,UK.,      ?% 9 #q [N?       UKUK.,  4. u AtthefinalmeetinginDecember1998theprojecthasbeenfinished.Part   ofthisfinalmeetingwasanevaluation.Thispapercontainselementsofthisevaluation. v cv cc5. u TheprojectwascarriedoutbyStatisticsNetherlandsundersupervisionof   theimplementationagencyoftheEuropeanCommission:CESD. UK.,UK.,      & C   XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D  2.Resultsachieved 7   $7 Xݜ UK.,UK.,        'Ch            ccL c       UKUK.,  6. u Attheendof1998almosteverycountryhasthedisposalofanadministra /B tiveregister:aregisteroflegalunits.Generallytheobjectivesoftheprojecthavebeenrealised.DuetothecivilwarTadjikistanwasnotabletoreachthispartoftheobjectives. v7. u Eachregistercontainsnowinformationonthemostimportantingredients # forastatisticalregister:namesandaddresses,mainactivityandsizeclass.LookingtowesternstandardstheregisterofKazakhstanisthemostdevelopedone,directlyfollowedbyKyrgystanandUzbekistan.Kazakhstanalreadystartedin1997withthedevelopmentofastatisticalbusinessregister.8. u In1995and1996theemphasisoftheprojectwaslaidonthemethodological  aspects,thecontentoftheregistersandtheimprovementoftheproceduresfortheregistrationofenterprises.In1997alotofattentionhasbeenpaidtotheϐimprovementofthequalityoftheregisters:thedevelopmentofmaintenanceproceduresandcheckingthequalityoftheregisteredinformation.9. u TheobjectiveofthetransferofknowledgehasbeenrealisedinKazakhstan, x% " KyrgystanandUzbekistan.TheReferenceManualonBusinessregisters(Eurostat)hasformedthebasis.10. u Regardingthequalityofthebusinessregisterssomemainproblemshaveto )$& besolved: !UK.,UK.,             UKUK.,  <( 9 #q [N<  0 u  1. u mostregistersdonotincludeselfemployedpeople(generallywithoutem +&( ployedstaff);onlyKyrgystandoesregisterthiscategoryofenterprisesandKazakhstanhasstartedwiththecreationoflistofsuchenterprisesonthebasisoftheregisteroftheMinistryofTaxation. u#u# B( 9 #q [NB  0 u  2. u theregistersdocontainalotofinactiveenterprises(howeverthisisa :/M*, generalproblem;itexistsincountrieswithwelldevelopedregisterstoo). 0 +-u#u# М2֛ v 0  '   3. u thequalityofthemainactivitycode,especiallywithsmallenterprises, @]#   isbadduetothefactthatmanyenterprisesdonthavearegularactivity @_" pattern. ##   ̛0  '   4. u themaintenanceproceduresrelystillverymuchonfullreregistrationof   enterprises;duringthelastyearcooperationwithotherregisterholdersaredevelopedlookingformoreefficientwaysofupdatingtheregisters. ##  e(UK.,UK.,      +?% 9 #q [N?  &    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   ݜDXX@ D  3.Mainproblemsencountered / 6     .ݜ UK.,UK.,        ' /      6       UKUK.,  11. u Thedefactoexecutionofprojectactionswasinpracticedependentonad   ministrativeprocedures(CESD/EuropeanCommission)andnotontheneedsoftheϐrecipientcountries.Thismeansthatsomeactionstookplacetoolate. v12. u DespitethefactthatStatisticsNetherlands(SN)wasresponsibleforthe   executionoftheprojecttherewasasomelackofcontrolonessentialpartsoftheprojectlikecommunication(arequestforimmediatehelpreachedSNafternearlythreemonths;notallrelevantdocumentsweretransferred)andmanagementoftheproject:inpracticeitwasnotalwaysclearwhoshoulddowhat.Forexample:thedevelopmentofabusinessregistershouldbeplacedinthecontextofawelldefinedstrategyfordevelopingastatisticalsystem,inwhichabusinessregisterhasitsplace.Theprojectshouldbesupportedbyactionstoclarifyandtosupportthedevelopmentofsuchstrategies.Thatdidnthappenenough.Quotingastatementofoneoftheparticipantsduringthefinalmeetingillustratesthisproblem:NowIhavearegister,butIhavenousers.9% 9 #q [N913. u Anotherproblemrelatedtotheintroductionofanewwayofmakingstatis Xk ticsisthatthisdoesinfluencetheprocessesofstatisticalsurveys(sampling,datacollectionproceduresetc.),thewaytheseareorganisedandthesystemsneededtosupporttheseprocessesandorganisation.Therewastoolittleattentionfortheorganisationaldevelopment.14. u Duetoanongoingdevelopmentofthelegalframeworkofthecountriesthis  ## partoftheenvironmentofthebusinessregisterwasunstable.ForexamplethestatisticalagencyofKazakhstanwasconfrontedwithasuddenchangeinalaw.InthatnewlawtheMinistryofJusticebecameresponsiblefortheregistrationoftheincorporatedenterprises.Thislawpassedtheparliamentwithoutconsultationofthestatisticalagency.15. u StillthelegalbasesofthebusinessregistersintheCentralAsiancoun )$* triesisweak.Thisfacthampersaquickandstabledevelopment.(3316. u TheavailableTACISresourcesforanactionweretoorestricted.Foracom ,'- monmeetingof5workingdaystherewere2,5daysavailableforpreparation,ϐadministrativeactionsandaftercare.Especiallyforaftercaremoreresourcesshouldbeavailable.Duringthecommonmeetingsalotofproblemswereraisedorrequestsformoredetaileddocumentationwereput,whichcouldnotbe /+1 /oN  /oN  solved/answeredduringthemeetingsitself.17. u Twocountries(TadjikistanandTurkmenistan)changedmorethanoncethe AT delegationforthecommonmeetings.Thishamperedtheprocessoftransferringknowledge.18. u Sometimesthequalityoflocalinterpreterswaspoor.Usuallyacommon - @ Аmeetingwasof5daysduration.Withweakinterpreters1oreven2dayswerelost. W1UK.,UK.,       v&    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D  3.Coordinationwithothercountriesandorganisations ? 6  w  >Dݜ UK.,UK.,        'w?    6       UKUK.,  19. u Duetotheorganisationoftheproject(commonmeetingswiththe5Central K^  Asiancountries)duringtheprojectperiodcommunicationpatternshavebeendevelopedbetweentheregisterstaffsofKazakhstan,KyrgystanandUzbekistan.Thisdevelopmenthasledtosomeformsofcoordination. v20. u Ingeneralthereisaseverelackofcoordinationbetweenthedonor  Аcountries.IntheCentralAsianoperatedifferentdonorcountries.RegardingtheBusinessregisterprojecttherewasonthelevelofthepersons,whowereresponsibleforthedirectexecution,nocommunication/coordinationwithotherprojectsexcepttheprojectsexecutedbySN. 6AUK.,UK.,       vӜ&    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D<( 9 #q [N<0  '  4.Coordinationwithotherdomains(enterprisestatistics,nationalaccounts) F 6 ## DDݜ UK.,UK.,        'D      ?% 9 #q [N? 6       UKUK.,  21. u Thebusinessregisterprojectwasfullycoordinatedwiththeprojecton  enterprisestatistics.Duringseverallecturesattentionwaspaidtotherelationshipsbetweenallthedomainsofastatisticalsystem. v22. u Generallythestaffinvolvedinthedifferentdomainswasconvincedofthe ! needformorecoordination.Inpracticethemechanismsforcoordinationwerenotwelldeveloped.23. u Inmostcountriesthestatisticaldepartmentsstillhavethereown % # catalogueswithenterprisesanddontusethebusinessregisterasabasisfortheirstatisticalsurveys.Thereissomereluctancetousethebusinessregisterinsteadofthesecatalogues. v HUK.,UK.,      &    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D  5.Effectivenessoftheassistance L 6 :*M%) KDݜ UK.,UK.,        ':*K       6       UKUK.,  24. u Givestherestrictedresourcesanddespitethefactthatnotallactions ,/'+ couldbeimplementedontherightmomentitcanbeconcludedthattheapproachadoptedinthiscooperationproject(themixedapproach:commonworkshopscombinedwithindividualassistance)wasveryeffective.Thecommonworkshopswereveryeffectiveintransferringknowledgeandexchangesofexperiencesand L/_*/ ideas.Moreoverduringtheprojectperiodastimulatingspherewasdeveloped,whichmotivatedtheregisterstafftoworkontheimprovementofthebusinessregisters.Withindividualactionsitwaspossibletoprepareonindividualproblemsanddifferentstagesofdevelopment.  NUK.,UK.,      & 2   XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D  6.Whatworksbestandwhatdoesntwork wR Ϥ   QDݜ UK.,UK.,        '2 Q             UKUK.,  25. u Aworkshopwhichconsistofacombinationofshortprogressreports,short   lectures,practicaldiscussionsandtreatmentofcasesanddiscussionofactualϐproblemsworksbetterthanaworkshop,whichconsistonlyofheavymethodologicallecturescombinedwithexercises. vϤ26. u Flexibilitywasimportantduringtheimplementationoftheproject.Itwas   ntusefultoprepareaverydetailedprogram.Theenvironmentinwhichtheregisterstaffmustworkwascontinuouslychanging.Itwasnecessarytoprepareonthesechanges.Theassistancewasprocessanduseroriented.27. u Itisimportantthattheassistingexpertshavefullknowledgeaboutthe l Аmethodologicalaspectsofabusinessregisteraswellaspracticalexperiencewiththemanagementofabusinessregister.Moreovertheymusthavegeneralϐknowledgeaboutastatisticalsystem(nationalaccounts,enterprisestatistics,samplingetc.).28. u Anessentialsuccesselementintheprojectwasthemotivatedandskilled  staffoftherecipientcountries.Therewasaveryopenatmosphereandastrongcommitment.Alsoimportantisanunderstandingofthesituationinarecipientcountry.29. u Theapproachforthedevelopmentofabusinessregisterwasastepbystep  approach.Eachstepshouldbemanageablefortherecipientorganisation.Anexample:thefirstversionofthestatisticalregisterofKazakhstanisrathersimple.Nofunctionalityisforeseentobuildcomplexstructuresofstatisticalϐunits.Thestatisticalregisterwillbefully(byrules)derivedfromtheadministrativeregister.30. u Everynewdevelopmentmustbetunedwiththeavailableinfrastructure $ $ (hardandsoftware,humanresources,management(structure)etc.).31. u Longtermcooperationprojectswillbemostsuccessful.Thedevelopmentof (+#' agoodbusinessregistercostsmanyyearsandshouldbebasedonalongtermϐstrategy.Shorttermassistance(bydifferentexperts)willdisturbtheprogress.ϐChangesinexpertswilloftenleadtochangesinstrategies. cv cc32. u TheReferenceManualforBusinessRegisterofEurostatisveryusefultool. ,', Theprojectwasmanagedbydifferentorganisations(SNandCESD).Itwasnotalwaysclearwhoisresponsiblewherefore.Especiallythecommunicationbetweentherecipientcountriesandtheassistingexpertswashampered. 4/G*/  SUK.,UK.,      &    XlwX X@XXXlw    UKUK.,   DXX@ D   cc3] vc cv7.Suggestionsforimprovement _   ^Dݜ UK.,UK.,        ' _ԛ         UKUK.,  33. u Abusinessregisterprojectshouldbepartofawelldefinedstrategyto 7J developastatisticalsystem.Theestablishmentofa(realistic)statisticaldevelopmentplanshouldbeaprerequisiteforsuchproject. vc`34. u Changesinastatisticalsystemactupontheinfrastructure(processes,   organisationandsupportingsystems)ofastatisticalagency.Moreattentionϐshouldbepaidtothisaspect.Withrathersimpletechnicalmeansitispossibletodesignthemainfeaturesanotherwayofmakingstatistics.35. u Cooperationprojectsshouldbecoordinatedbyappointingoneofthedonor   countriesastheleadingcountryresponsiblefortheexchangeofinformation,thecoordinationoftheactivities:programmanager(toavoidduplicationandtoreachsynergy).Alsothiscountryshouldassisttherecipientcountrywiththedevelopmentstrategies/statisticaldevelopmentplans.36. u Themanagementoftheprojectshouldbetransparentonbothsides:donor &9 Аcountriesaswellasrecipientcountries.Amanagementstructurewithmorethanonelayershouldbeavoided(iscostlyandcreatesmist).Enoughattentionϐshouldbepaidtothehumanfactorinthecooperationprojects.37. u Motivation,commitment,collegialityandopennessareessentialsuccess  factors.Theadministrativeproceduresshouldbeimproved.Resourcesshouldbeavailableatthemomenttheseareneeded.38. u Projectsshouldbemonitored.Abouttheprogressofprojectsshouldbecom  municatedwiththemanagementofthedonorandrecipientcountriesinanopenatmosphere.Beforethestartofaprojectappointmentsshouldbemadeonthewaycooperationshouldbeendediftheprojectdoesntleadtotheexpectedresults.#D z ##SD #