WPC 2BJ Courier#|x BoldUnivers BoldCourierUnivers BoldCG TimesCG Times BoldzurierCourier BoldUnivers BoldCG TimesL.PRS4i6X@`7\L @CourierUnivers BoldUnivers BoldCG TimesCG Times Bold3'Standard6&6&StandardrJet 4L%zư 2CE ZUz#|xHP LaserJet 4LHPLAS4L.PRS4x  @\LX@CourierCourier Bold2vzЊX01Í ÍX81Í/Í/(#@--@CourierUnivers BoldCG TimesX@`7X@?xxx,[x `7XHP,@Pps7@9KK,Fps7a8DocumentgDocument Style StyleXX` `  ` 2pk1ka4DocumentgDocument Style Style . a6DocumentgDocument Style Style GX  a5DocumentgDocument Style Style }X(# a2DocumentgDocument Style Style<o   ?  A.  2 vtT  b a7DocumentgDocument Style StyleyXX` ` (#` BibliogrphyBibliography:X (# a1Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbers:`S@ I.  X(# a2Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbers C @` A. ` ` (#` 2 7   ? a3DocumentgDocument Style Style B b  ?  1.  a3Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbers L! ` ` @P 1. ` `  (# a4Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbers Uj` `  @ a. ` (# a5Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbers _o` `  @h(1)  hh#(#h 20a6Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph Numbersh` `  hh#@$(a) hh#((# a7Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumberspfJ` `  hh#(@*i) (h-(# a8Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersyW"3!` `  hh#(-@p/a) -pp2(#p Tech InitInitialise Technical Style. k I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 Technical2_*a1DocumentgDocument Style Style\s0  zN8F I. ׃  a5TechnicalTechnical Document Style)WD (1) . a6TechnicalTechnical Document Style)D (a) . a2TechnicalTechnical Document Style<6  ?  A.   2&8a3TechnicalTechnical Document Style9Wg  2  1.   a4TechnicalTechnical Document Style8bv{ 2  a.   a1TechnicalTechnical Document StyleF!<  ?  I.   a7TechnicalTechnical Document Style(@D i) . 2XeGa8TechnicalTechnical Document Style(D a) . PleadingHeader for Numbered Pleading PaperE!n    X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:@ I.     %" BibliografieBibliografie!4  X%" 2'" # $$%/%SubKopingSubkoping"0\ E A.  VolgbladKoptekst voor een genummerd volgblad#P%    X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:Hoofdstuk   \4 PANEА   Ӌ20*k,+j-,n.-sA/STAP3ingNummering van opeenvolgende stappen*n$ D4pEbY 1. b 4 PQNEι #b D   4 PQNEι HOOFDSTUKeRechter bladzijde hoofdstuk opmaak+p4$ `  C ~D4XOES 1؃ `  D׃  J  ~D4XOES PARAGRAAF4 PNummering hfdstk.prgrf paragraaf opmaakragraaf,Lo e3$  D4pE^ 0.1   D4pE^ KADERA5Kader omlijning ter grootte van A5 14,85 x 21 cm- Afbeelding 1 ! Afbeelding 1 y!h&ddh&y28.s0/Y20314KADER1Cg4XKader omlijning op 1 cm van de rand van ieder A4.F Afbeelding 1 1 Figure 1 y!#3dd#3ySub-kopje/)l$ XtD4pEb   XtD4pEb Kopje0~$' D4PE y bdddy    H  Tx y $.dddy $   H ' D4PE Formaat1   bXX ;@yXdddy    0 y$dddy $  ;|M y4dddy    , ypdddy    (0 y$dddy V  XtD4pEb a'Page V 3П2?2093yA:4#<5#=Kolom2F<  O {Fr>#҇Kop3!*   a& ~D4XOɀ WordPerfect Europe Nieuwsbrief Xt4 PINE,  .w   U 1  << 1 !Ct<<ddȂ t XlD4PEp Volume I Nummer 12!a+Interne Communicatie`?^!:Oktober 5, 1988$>#>#>#>#L!=#$KOLOM2Twee krantestijl kolommen4ޜ"҇PARKOL2Twee gelijke parallelle kolommen5޼B"҇2N62?7@A,l 4CKOLOM3Drie krantestijl kolommen klein en uitgevuld6U "҇ È " "Ҟ PARKOL3Drie parallelle kolommen kleine letter7)|C "҇ÈC "C ""4|Jx ^KKKKKKKKKKKKKKw2((d<UUKm@  22222222 2(((   KKKKKKKKKKKK K@ w2222222222222m(522m(2<2  u u ww5 225 25222222(d    55252UUUU U U U KKK252252m(@@@22UU Km(m(22  WddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddN KK((KKPK  K  PPPFF   mFF  " (  F K<PP(P2m dF<   2P<( 22 F2Fd  <(2F<2FZPm<(2 22<<2ZmPPPPPPP2222222222222222222       222222222222222222222222222<<<<<<<<<<<<F2m +`@``uuKuu+@@@5kk  U`@`uk5K K5+ 555  ++++  555U2@hXN fZZe/l?xxx,Q!x6X@`7X@P,@Pps7@9KK,Fps7Kdd,ps7}y}zyzzzyyzyyz?6>6>6>6l}yz6zZy6zXz?QQOqqqqhQQ}llly6OqQ}}KqqKKKWddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNqKu}}\\VWqqVKKqqSSqqqKqqV"q}q qKKKqlK}q`qqqKKKK}qqh>:qq}lhh}q::KKqqqqqqq::::::::::::K>qdK%0h  DD.~zz hzzHhHhlV"4|Jx ^KKuKKKKKKKKKu}>}yKKKqqKyyyQ66y6OqQ}}}lqqqKKq6yyyyyyyyyy>6>6>6>6}y}zyzzzyyzyyz?6>6>6>6l}yz6zZy6zXz?QQOqqqqhQQ}llly6OqQ}}KqqKKKWddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNqKu}}\\VWqqVKKqqSSqqqKqqV"q}q qKKKqlK}q`qqqKKKK}qqh>:qq}lhh}q::KKqqqqqqq::::::::::::K>qdK%0h  DD.~zz hzzHhHhlVl?xxx,Q!x6X@`7X@P,@Pps7@9KK,Fps7Kdd,ps768wC;,WXw PE37XPt7zC;,(Xz_ pi7X,,,,,2r rh3 sZ"4|Jx ^dd,ddd,dddddd,,,,S,ddddlHHHil,ddH&SHSHSHSHTHSHSHSHHxHvT,llill,HilddddW,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddNd!zz,,ru,rdd,oo,,,,,d,,r",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,dd,,,,,,,d,,,,d,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,ddddSNNNddNNNNNNNNNNNNdSd,,8VnDVVbbJDDPD\> J2J>8 &>>,,,,,,,,`` 8888,,,,,,,,,,zz&&>>>r"4|Jx ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCY~~vCN~sk~CCCddCYdYdYCdd88d8ddddJN8ddddYYdYdCdddddCddddddddd8YYYYYY~Y~Y~Y~YC8C8C8C8ddddddddddYdddddsdXYXXXYYx|X~Y~Y|XddddddddC8C8C8C8oNd|8|H~8<|8dtddddHHJlLlLlLkN|H|8~8dddddddXXXd~8dJkN~8ddxddCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCYQQddddddFddddFCChhd44ddzzdddvooChdF"dhddCCzCddoddCdYds]zUvdYYCCCCz~ozoY~NYdYC8YooYdYzsdzdd~YYzozzzzNd88YYYzYzzzzCCdddddddzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzNNNNNNNdddddddddddddddddddd888888888888YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzCs~CzdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`L2 $"4|Jx ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCdxN`xoCCCddCdoYoYFdo8Co8odooYNCodddYddddCdddddCddddddddo8dddddYYYYYN8N8N8N8oddddooooddpddddxodddXXYYXYYXddddddooL8N8N8N8r`o8P8N8ppoddXXYpLoNpLoNPDCopoopodXYXo8oYoNCdddoCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCdUUddddddFddddFCCssd44ddzzddd~ooCsdF"dsddCCzCddoddCdYds`zUvdddCCCCzozoYNYYYN8YooYdYzzdzddYYzozzzzNY88YYYzYzzzzCCdddddddzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzNNNNNNNYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY888888888888YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzCzNzdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`L1p 1,,64? ? ?? ????????? ? ?? ??π ??À ?? ?  8 ?    ????π ??Àǀ g?À   ? ?|???  ?   ?? ? ? ?? ???? ?8? ?0????~??????????? >??>?|`??? ~ |? ?? x?x??p???π?ǀ?? ~ ? ? ??   ?     <?? ?? ??? ?  ?x ?? ? ? x ??@<?px?? ???x???8 ???8 ??0 ?` ?? ? ????????~? ?  ? ?  }? ?0<???~#??#??-???-????-???-???-???-p?3? ?3???{?? ???? ??}??????????0??? ?0??p???0????0???>???????>?~?||~?|N|   >? <? ?ą>`8 ?0?   g  ; ? ?9    x `x?? ???   ?  ?? ?`??`?  ? 0>0 ?x ? ??   ?  <?  ?? ??>???????0????? ?p  ?  x  x    ?      ? ??? ?   ?      ?? p  x  x{  x  <?  <  < ?? > ??>? x>  >  ?  ?  ?? < ? 8?  p @   0    ? ?? ? ? ? ? ?   ? ?  ?          ?     ~? <     ??  ?      ? ?ǀ  ?  ??     ?  ??  ??? ?   6 3'3'Standard6&6&StandardHPLAS4L.PRS4x  zư       Figure 1  Figure 1  U 1  1 !tddv -#@pBnQ@#` ST#2p}wCF#UNITED NATIONSy8! dddj8!y y! pddUN-LOGO3.WPG yX` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:8!y 3 COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS R  5ST/SG/AC.10/R.496   5page Rm {+ 3 ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?+ (Eighteenth session, Geneva, 28 November 7 December 1994 agenda item 3(h)) a COMMENTS PROPOSED REQUIREMENTS FOR SALVAGE PACKAGINGS j a Transmitted by the Expert from the United States of Americaă 1. At its last session, the SubCommittee agreed that a pragmatic approach should be taken in drawing up requirements for packagings (termed salvage packagings) that are to be used to transport leaking packages. Some reasons for a pragmatic approach are as follows: X © Salvage packagings are intended to be used under emergency conditions. Under such conditions, use should not be frustrated by an inability to match the performance level of the packaging with the degree of risk of the substance to be recovered.# X © Supplies of salvage packagings are maintained by emergency response entities and are held in inventory until such time as they are needed. It is normally impracticable to maintain a supply of more than one such packaging design type.# GE.94 a:\STR496E ( --- 34ST/SG/AC.10/R.496 page 2  #  N X$$© In other instances packagings specifically designed as salvage packagings may not be readily available and emergency responders should be able to draw from a variety of available packagings, including packagings not necessarily tested to the level of performance of the substance to be contained.Ɵ#$ X$$© Transport of dangerous goods in such packagings involves special circumstances. The special care involved in handling these packagings warrants the establishment of special requirements.2. While the draft text in ST/SG/AC.10/C.3/R.443 in some respects satisfies the practical needs for salvage packagings, the expert from the United States is concerned that even if the proposals made by HMAC in document ST/SG/AC.10/C.3/R. are taken into account certain aspects of the draft requirements may be overly severe. In particular, the expert from the United States is concerned about the ability of salvage packagings to withstand the proposed drop test requirements. This concern is based on satisfactory experience with less severe United States requirements for salvage drums. Ɵ#$ Level of Testing 3. While the draft text makes provision for any type of packaging to be used as a salvage packaging, open head drums are most commonly used. Large salvage drums typically have a capacity of approximately 320 liters. The ease with which open head drums of this size are able to withstand the proposed performance tests should be considered in evaluating the appropriateness of the proposed requirements. 4. While agreeing with HMAC that a single level of performance should be specified for salvage packagings, the expert from the United States is concerned about the severity of the level of performance being proposed. Under the HMAC proposal, drop testing at the Packing Group II level would have to be carried out using water in conjunction with lead shot in order to achieve the total mass of the heaviest packaging that is assumed to be recoverable in the salvage packaging. While it is possible to construct open head drums that are able to withstand these test conditions, given the current methods of construction most open head drums would likely fail at this level of performance testing and would be considered unsuitable. Furthermore, unless salvage packagings are tested to a very high total mass, there may be instances when available salvage packagings are unsuitable because the marked gross mass is not high enough. %->+-  5. In order to facilitate the use of salvage packagings, the expert from the United States recommends that the test requirements be simplified and the severity of testing be reduced. It is proposed that the drop test performance level for salvage packagings be set at Packing Group III and that packagings that have been tested for solids or liquids be considered acceptable. In this manner a wide variety of packagings would be considered suitable for use as salvage packagings and as a result acceptable salvage packagings would more likely be available in the event of an incident. This level of testing combined with the leakproofness test requirement will ensure the suitability of salvage packagings. Proposal 6. On the basis of the above comments, it is proposed that the draft text for salvage packagings in document ST/SG/AC.10/C.3/R.443 be revised as follows: Salvage packagings .1 Revise the new definition in paragraph 9.2.1, for "salvage packaging" to read: X$$"Salvage packagings are special packagings conforming to the applicable special provisions of this chapter into which damaged, defective or leaking dangerous goods packages, or dangerous goods that have spilled or leaked, are placed for purposes of transport for recovery or disposal."Ɵ#$ .2X$$Revise the draft new paragraph 9.7.1.11 to read:Ɵ#$ X$$"9.7.1.11 Salvage packagings (see 9.2.1) should be tested and marked in accordance with the provisions applicable to packagings intended for the transport of solids, or inner packagings, or liquids at the packing group III level of performance. In carrying out the performance tests, a gross mass at least equivalent to the gross mass of the packaging when it is filled with water should be used. except as follows:Ɵ#$ X$$(a) The test substance used in performing the tests should be water, and the packagings should be filled to not less than 98% of maximum capacity. It is permissible to use additives, such as bags of lead shot, to achieve the requisite total package mass so long as they are placed so that the test results are not affected. Alternatively, in performing the drop test, the drop height may be varied in accordance with 9.7.3.4(b).Ɵ#$!+e)+ ST/SG/AC.10/R.496 page 4 X$$ (b) These packagings should, in addition, have been successfully subjected to design and production the leakproofness tests at 30kPa, with the results of the design  this test reflected in the test report required by 9.7.8. ; and Ɵ#$ X$$(c) Salvage packagings should may be marked with the letter 'T' as described in 9.4.4."Ɵ#$ .3X$$Revise the new draft paragraph 9.1.9 to read:Ɵ#$ X$$"9.1.9 Damaged, defective or leaking dangerous goods, or dangerous goods that have spilled or leaked may be transported in special salvage packages mentioned described in 9.7.1.11. [This does not prevent the use of a bigger size packagings of appropriate type and performance level under the conditions of paragraph 9.13.15] "Ɵ#$ 5'