WPC.q 2BJZCourier3|@ i6X@`7 @HP LaserJet 4LHPLAS4L.PRS4i6X@`7\-R @ .,., USUK 3'3'Standard6&6&StandardrJet 4Lzư 2C EG ZWzz3|@ HP LaserJet 4LHPLAS4L.PRS4d  @E\-R@2,vpUSUK 3'3'Standard6&6&StandardHPLAS4L.PRS4d  zư    NN X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:@ I.     %" BibliografieBibliografie4  X%" 2Y$M !!"i"SubKopingSubkoping0\ E A.  VolgbladKoptekst voor een genummerd volgblad P%    X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:Hoofdstuk   \4 PANEА   Ӌ2-')(*)+*s{,STAP3ingNummering van opeenvolgende stappen'n$ D4pEbY 1. b 4 PQNEι #b D   4 PQNEι HOOFDSTUKeRechter bladzijde hoofdstuk opmaak(p4$ `  C ~D4XOES 1؃ `  D׃  J  ~D4XOES PARAGRAAF4 PNummering hfdstk.prgrf paragraaf opmaakragraaf)Lo e3$  D4pE^ 0.1   D4pE^ KADERA5Kader omlijning ter grootte van A5 14,85 x 21 cm* Afbeelding 1 ! Afbeelding 1 y!h&ddh&y26+s .,/->0.'2KADER1Cg4XKader omlijning op 1 cm van de rand van ieder A4+F Afbeelding 1 1 Figure 1 y!#3dd#3ySub-kopje,)l$ XtD4pEb   XtD4pEb Kopje-~$' D4PE y bdddy    H  Tx y $.dddy $   H ' D4PE Formaat.   bXX ;@yXdddy    0 y$dddy $  ;|M y4dddy    , ypdddy    (0 y$dddy V  XtD4pEb a'Page V 3П2:</0K60y{71#92#;Kolom/F<  O {Fr>#҇Kop0!*   a& ~D4XOɀ WordPerfect Europe Nieuwsbrief Xt4 PINE,  .w   U 1  << 1 !Ct<<ddȂ t XlD4PEp Volume I Nummer 12!a+Interne Communicatie`?^!:Oktober 5, 1988$>#>#>#>#L!=#$KOLOM2Twee krantestijl kolommen1ޜ"҇PARKOL2Twee gelijke parallelle kolommen2޼B"҇2HN3l<4z>Zn@ BKOLOM3Drie krantestijl kolommen klein en uitgevuld3U "҇ È " "Ҟ PARKOL3Drie parallelle kolommen kleine letter4)|C "҇ÈC "C "lr5ddd, d6X@`7@s4ddd,pd `76`8wC;,WXw PE37XPt_7zC;,(Xz_ pi7X6aANE,wV PE37P6b?KC,T PE37PYBN*c14a3bP 3BN *p+16x-16YBN*c9a3bPBN*p+9YBN*c9a3bP BN *p+17x-1"4|Jx ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCY~~vCN~sk~CCCddCYdYdYCdd88d8ddddJN8ddddYYdYdCdddddCddddddddd8YYYYYY~Y~Y~Y~YC8C8C8C8ddddddddddYdddddsdXYXXXYYx|X~Y~Y|XddddddddC8C8C8C8oNd|8|H~8<|8dtddddHHJlLlLlLkN|H|8~8dddddddXXXd~8dJkN~8ddxddCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCYQQddddddFddddFCChhd44ddzzdddvooChdF"dhddCCzCddoddCdYds]zUvdYYCCCCz~ozoY~NYdYC8YooYdYzsdzdd~YYzozzzzNd88YYYzYzzzzCCdddddddzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzNNNNNNNdddddddddddddddddddd888888888888YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzCs~CzdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`L2p zN Y zeFZ"4|Jx ^;C]ddCCCdCCCCddddddddddCCdxN`xoCCCddCdoYoYFdo8Co8odooYNCodddYddddCdddddCddddddddo8dddddYYYYYN8N8N8N8oddddooooddpddddxodddXXYYXYYXddddddooL8N8N8N8r`o8P8N8ppoddXXYpLoNpLoNPDCopoopodXYXo8oYoNCdddoCddCCCWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNdddCdUUddddddFddddFCCssd44ddzzddd~ooCsdF"dsddCCzCddoddCdYds`zUvdddCCCCzozoYNYYYN8YooYdYzzdzddYYzozzzzNY88YYYzYzzzzCCdddddddzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzNNNNNNNYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY888888888888YYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzCzNzdYC\   pxtll\tll@\@\`L"4|Jx ^ENluuNNNuNNNNuuuuuuuuuuNNhN[}NNNuuNhuhuhNuuAAuAuuuuV[AuuuuhhuhuNuuuuuNuuuuuuuuuAhhhhhhhhhhNANANANAuuuuuuuuuuhuuuuuughggghhghhguuuuuuuuNANANANA[uATAFAuuuuuTTV~Y~Y~Y}[TAAuuuuuuuggguAuV}[AuuuuNuuNNNWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNuuuNh__uuuuuuRuuuuRNNyyu<<uuuuuNyuR"uyuuNNNuuuuNuhulcuhhNNNNh[huhNAhhuhuuuhh[uAAhhhhNNuuuuuuu[[[[[[[uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuAAAAAAAAAAAAhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhNNuhN /;k  PP9~~+k~~KkKk&&pY"4|Jx ^CKhqqKKKqKKKKqqqqqqqqqqKKdKWyKKKqqKdqdqdKqq>>q>qqqqSW>qqqqddqdqKqqqqqKqqqqqqqqq>ddddddddddK>K>K>K>qqqqqqqqqqdqqqqqqcdcccddcddcqqqqqqqqK>K>K>K>}Wq?Q>D?qqqqqQQSzVzVzVyWQ?>qqqqqqqcccq>qSyW>qqqqKqqKKKWxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxNqqqKd\\qqqqqqOqqqqOKKuuq::qqqqq}}KuqO"quqqKKKqq}qqKqdqh`qddKKKK}}dWdqdK>d}}dqdqqqdd}Wq>>ddddKKqqqqqqqWWWWWWWqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq>>>>>>>>>>>>dddddddddddddddddddKKqdK%0h  DD.~zz hzzHhHhlV2,q#Xw PE37WXP#  X #Xw PE37WXP# + 33; ; $C C -K K 5SS=[[E ccMkkUss]{{e Distr. 33; ; $C C -K K 5SS=[[EccMkkUss]{{eRESTRICTED 33; ; $C C -K K 5SS=[[EccMkkUss]{{eST/SG/AC.10/R.489 33; ; $C C -K K 5SS=[[EccMkkUss]{{e7 October 1994 33; ; $C C -K K 5SS=[[EccMkkUss]{{eENGLISH ONLY COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON THE TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS (Eighteenth session, Geneva, 28 november 7 December 1994,  Xb  agenda item 3(a))  X4 < UKUK GENERAL CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA FOR AQUEOUS  X 4SOLUTIONS AND MIXTURES OF INORGANIC NITRATES OF DIVISION 5.1 R @Transmitted by the Expert from Norway +a+ INTRODUCTION  Y 1.33At the 9th. session of the SubCommittee there was considerable support for the general approach in document ST/SG/AC.10/C.3/R.535, for classification of mixtures of solid oxidising substances and water. The SubCommittee felt, however, that more data should be provided before a final decision could be taken on the document. Additional data will be presented at the Committee session.  Y  2.33However, in looking for general approaches in order to exclude some unnecessary testing of water solutions of inorganic oxidisers, we have found some simple screening criteria for inorganic nitrate solutions. In an aqueous solution of an inorganic nitrate, it is the nitrate ion that contributes to the combustion of combustible materials. The water content is the part of such a mixture that decreases the rate of combustion.  Y# 3.3365% nitric acid is an aqueous solution presently not classified as a division 5.1 liquid. Because of its weak oxidising properties it has nevertheless been proposed as the packing group III reference substance in the proposed time pressure test for liquid oxidising substances. 65% nitric acid contains 35% water and 64% nitrate ions by weight. Thus, in 65% nitric acid the ratio of water to nitrate is slightly less than 0.55. This water:nitrate ratio can be used for deciding which aqueous solution of inorganic nitrates should be considered non dangerous in transport. Examples of concentrations of important inorganic nitrates in aqueous solutions, with water:nitrate ratio of 0.55, are presented in the annex.  Y* GE.94 A:\str489e *4,4,4,NN 4 +#  NNN ST/SG/AC.10/R.489  X page 2  Y` 4.Some inorganic nitrates are very hygroscopic. Examples are calcium nitrate and magnesium nitrate. This property should be taken into account when judging the classification of their aqueous solutions, because a spill will "dry up" with more than 40% crystal water. Based on this fact the transport of slightly higher concentrations of these inorganic nitrates in aqueous solutions, should be allowed. The long burning times in the conical pile test for these hygroscopic substances are shown in the annex. PROPOSAL  Y8 5. Insert a new special provision to UN 3218 NITRATES, INORGANIC, AQUEOUS SOLUTION, N.O.S.:  Y XXX"Aqueous solutions of inorganic nitrates with the weight ratio of water:nitrate greater than 0.55 are not subject to provisions of division 5.1. Aqueous mixtures or solutions of hygroscopic inorganic nitrates with a concentration not exceeding 80% by weight, and a nitrate concentration not exceeding 64% by weight, are not subject to provisions of division 5.1 if the mixture or solution at 25 _C and 60% relative humidity contains an equilibrium moisture corresponding to the weight ratio of water:nitrate greater than 0.55." JUSTIFICATION  YX 6.This special provision gives the opportunity of a screening procedure, preventing unnecessary testing of aqueous solutions of inorganic nitrates with very weak oxidising properties.  Y 7.The maximum concentration of 80% for the hygroscopic substances is chosen in analogy with the new special provision for UN 2426, ensuring at least 20% water in the transported solution/mixture. The maximum of 64% nitrate is the same as in the 65% nitric acid, thus limiting the nitrate content. The provision that the dried up salt should have a water:nitrate ratio greater than 0.55 ensures a water content corresponding to that of 65% nitric acid. x(+++  X  ggTmp1 eli # + 3;CL  T\d$$lST/SG/AC.10/R.489 # + 3;CL  T\d$$lpage 3 # + 3;CL  T\d$$lAnnex 5NAnnexă Test results for mixtures of solid oxidising substances and water. The tests have been performed according to the proposed conical pile test. The substances and water are mixed with cellulose Whatman CF11. Burning times are in seconds. THE EFFECT OF WATER IN CONICAL PILE TEST OF HYGROSCOPIC NITRATES. c ddx!::8@@@@@@c "    8"D0#]\  PCwVP#  b 2TEST SUBSTANCE : CELLULOSE = 50 : 50#C\  P6QWXP# D0  8 r!::8@@@@@@A:::@@@@@@r "  @    8"Test:1%FParallell/Burning time(fMean value k@    rA:::@@@@@@a::0:@@@@@@r &@   8   &substanceX8 WaterXFW1hQ2h\3hg}(seconds)$8   V 0$ `x Mg(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#~H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O:X6E%50P70[50j57V V h ` Mg(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#2H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O9&18E%70P100[75j82V V  `$ Mg(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#xH#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#Oj9&30jE%75jP75j[80jj77V F       `z Mg(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#6H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O9&42E540P540[|420jg500F 8  j:FQN\k"8  V " ` Ca(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#>:X0>E%17>P21>[19>j19V V  `N Ca(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#4H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O9&31E300P225[|250jg258V 8 >"*)9&32E300P300\ԩi$(300)8 P #!:!F!QN!\!k kP  ha::0:@@@@@@::":Z@@@@h P n  `," HKBrO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP# : cellulose **) <= 30 : 70$:X0$Results from Round Robin testing$j"~ 65n " #   `%  *) "Ca(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2. #C\  P6QWXP#4H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O + 1.2 % H#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#O after 12 hours at 25 $C, 60 % relative humidity.  Y&  **) "Proposed reference substance for Solid Oxidizing substances.&+++  X  ST/SG/AC.10/R.489 page 4 Annex  Xx  Calculated borderconcentrations of nitrates. WATER SOLUTIONS OF NITRATES WITH WATER : NITRATE RATIO = 0.55. T::":Z@@@@:: b@@T P P Nitrates of Monovalent Cations@ Nitrates of Divalent CationsP 8  cConcentration of salt (% by weight)8  V @  ` 70 % NH#]\  PCTP#4#C\  P6QWXP#NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP# ` 68 % Mg(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V V x ` 72 % NaNO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#$ ` 70 % Ca(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V V  `4 74 % KNO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#z `4 72 % Fe(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V V $ ` > 80 % AgNO#]\  PCTP#3 #C\  P6QWXP# ` 73 % Cu(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V V z ` 73 % Zn(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V V ^ `6 79 % Ba(NO#]\  PCTP#3#C\  P6QWXP#)#]\  PCTP#2#C\  P6QWXP#V &     MK