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Gauvin (France). Experts from the following countries participated in the work: Czech Republic; Denmark; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Italy; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Romania; Russian Federation; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; United States of America. Experts from the European Commission (EC) also participated. Representatives of Japan and of the People's Republic of China took part in the session under paragraph11 of the Commission's Terms of Reference. Experts from the following non-governmental organizations also participated: International Organization for Standardization (ISO); International Touring Alliance/International Automobile Federation (AIT/FIA); International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA); International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA); Automobile Emissions Control by Catalysts (CEFIC/AECC); TheOilCompanies' European Organization for Environment, Health and Safety (CONCAWE); European LPG Association (AEGPL); European Natural Gas Vehicle Association (ENGVA). GE.97J----RRԌ r5 44 R| 17\TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/34 page  17]C  #>>)uu/4:@QQETRANS/WP.29/GRPE/34   #>>)uu/4:@QQEpage  2.Prior to the session, on 9 June 1997, morning only, an informal meeting of the "Brainstorming group" (BSG) was held under the chairmanship of Mr.C.Havenith to consider possible approaches to worldwide test cycle harmonization for heavyduty engines (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 12). Experts from the following countries and organizations participated in the work: Czech Republic; Germany; Hungary; Japan; Netherlands; Poland; Slovenia; Sweden; Switzerland; United States of America; European Commission (EC); International Organization for Standardization (ISO); International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA). A report on the results of this informal meeting is summarized below.  r5 3.The documents without a symbol distributed during the session are listed in annex 1 to this report. REGULATION No. 49 (Emissions of compressionignition engines)  r5 (a)Development of the emission testing procedure Documentation: Informal documents Nos. 1, 3, 4, 14, 18 and 20 of annex 1 to this report.  r5h 4.The expert from CONCAWE informed WP.29/GRPE that a proposal identical with informal document No. 1 had been transmitted to the European Commission, for consideration by the Motor Vehicle Emissions Group (MVEG). The Meeting of Experts agreed in principle to modify the fuel specifications along the proposal of informal document No. 1, if it was also accepted for the corresponding EU Directive.  r5 5.Referring to the discussion during the thirtyfirst session of the Meeting of Experts (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/31, para. 7), the expert from Switzerland reiterated the Swiss proposal for the test cycles for heavyduty engines to be used for the periods after 1999/2000 and after 2004/2005. In his proposal severe reductions of the emission limits were specified and a development suggested of a new particulate matter measurement method accounting better than the present gravimetric method for the effect of this pollutant on human health (informal document No.3).  r5 6.Mainly for information, the expert from Switzerland distributed informal document No. 14, containing an evaluation of the influence of data processing and of five different types of opacimeters on two different engines on the smoke measurement results for the European LoadResponse Test of the OICA/ACEA 13mode steady state test (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/31, para. 6).  r5! 7.The expert from OICA introduced informal document No. 4 containing a draft Revision of Regulation No. 49, incorporating the technical annexes corresponding to EURO 3 emission limits (to be applied as from 1999/2000) and containing the engine family concept. He said that this text represented a revision of the proposal which had been distributed during the thirtythird session (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 7). The Meeting of Experts commended the work, although it was noted that informal document No. 4 had been based on Regulation No. 49, Revision 2 (02 series of amendments and Corr. 1 to 02series) and had not taken into account Supplements 1 and 2 to the 02 series of amendments, as well as Corrigendum 2 to the 02 series.(|,})})Ԍ r5 ԙ8.The expert from the European Commission reported that a proposal to introduce EURO 3 into Directive 88/77/EEC was under consideration and should also set targets for EURO 4, based on the results of the AutoOil II Programme. At the request of WP.29/GRPE, he had prepared a written statement, which is reproduced in annex 2 to this report. He estimated that within the next six months the work would not be completed and agreed to provide more information at the next session of WP.29/GRPE. The Meeting of Experts agreed that the Regulation and the Directive needed to be developed in parallel and agreed for the time being to use informal document No. 4 as an interim working proposal.  r5 9.The Chairman of the BSG (Brainstorming group) reported on the results of the first meeting (see para. 4 above) and presented to WP.29/GRPE a draft of its programme and work organization (informal document No. 20). He also confirmed that all parties had confirmed their willingness to proceed towards a harmonized test cycle which could be installed in time for EURO 4 level of emission limits. The Meeting of Experts considered and adopted informal document No. 20 as a mandate for BSG. Mr. C. Havenith from the Netherlands and Mr. M. Biver from OICA were confirmed in the functions of the Chairman and the secretary of BSG. WP.29/GRPE encouraged all the countries to participate in the work of BSG and expressed a hope that a harmonized test cycle might be developed in time. It was agreed that interim reports on the work of the BSG should be given to the Meeting of Experts during each session.  r5 10.In connection with the aims to develop a harmonized test cycle for heavyduty engines, the proposal by OICA for a reference to such a future cycle in Regulation No. 49 (informal document No. 18) was accepted in principle, but the Meeting of Experts decided that it should become a subject for consideration at a later time, in the frame of the development of the Regulation.  r5 (b)Approval of vehicles equipped with LPG and NGfuelled engines Documentation: TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.275/Rev.1; TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.277; informal document No. 16 of annex 1 to this report.  r5 11.The expert from the European Commission advised the Meeting of Experts that in the proposal for draft amendments to Regulation No. 49 (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.275/Rev.1), the range considered of NG reference fuels was incomplete, particularly at the Hrange (informal document No. 16). He gave a presentation of the natural gas fuels marketed in Europe in 1994/95 and suggested that G20 reference fuel was replaced by Gxy fuel. The expert from ENGVA considered the proposal to be important for his industry and supported the request for its consideration. The expert from the Netherlands considered the proposal acceptable.  r5$ 12.Related to the suggested procedure for measuring of gaseous pollutants emitted by NGfuelled engines (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.277), the Meeting of Experts engaged in an exchange of views on emission levels of various pollutants, particularly with respect to nonreactive HC (methane). The expert from ENGVA agreed to distribute at the next session a paper which had recently been'|,})}) prepared within his organization and dealing with the subject of NGfuelled engines emissions.  r5X 13.The Meeting of Experts agreed to resume this item at the next session, although realizing that the relevant European Commission proposal might not yet be available at that time (see annex 2 to this report).  r5@ (c)Draft Corrigendum 1 to Supplement 1 to the 02 series of amendments  r5 14.Aside from the agenda of the session, the expert from Italy requested a corrigendum to the equation in paragraph 1.1.3.2. of Annex 4 Appendix 3 to Regulation No. 49. Hearing the justification given, the corrigendum was adopted by the Meeting of Experts (KNOx = 0.6272 + 0.4403 H 0.0008625 H2) and the secretariat was requested to prepare a relevant document for consideration by the Working Party and the Administrative Committee AC.1, if possible at its sixth session. (Note by the secretariat: Adopted by AC.1 at its sixth session see TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 140; final document TRANS/WP.29/591.) X # REGULATION No. 83 (Emissions of M1 and N1 categories of vehicles)  r5 15.Following the information by the expert from France that a proposal had been prepared to align Regulation No. 83 with EU Directives 96/44/EC and 96/69/EC, the secretariat regretted that no proposal had been received from France and/or the United Kingdom (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 59). With regard to this situation, WP.29/GRPE agreed to defer the consideration of this item to the thirtyfifth session (January 1998). PREPARATION OF THE 1997 REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRANSPORT AND THE ENVIRONMENT  r5 16.A brief report on the work of the Preparatory Committee of the Conference was given by the secretariat, reviewing the results of its fifteenth session, particularly with respect to development of the proposals which had previously been considered by the Meeting of Experts and by the Working Party (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, paras. 2228). Note by the secretariat: At its sixteenth session (30 June 2 July 1997) the PrepCom decided to convene a special Task Force to continue the work on these proposals in order to find compromises on items which were disputed by some delegations. Thesessions of the Task Force were scheduled for 22 and 23July1997 and 3September 1997, whilst the seventeenth session of PrepCom should be held on4and 5 September 1997. PERSPECTIVES IN TRANSPORT AND THE ENVIRONMENT  r5% (a)Technical requirements on vehicles after the year 2000  r5' 17.Detailed information about the AutoOil II Programme which had been launched by the EC on 28 and 29 January 1997 was given by the expert from the European Commission. His statement is reproduced in annex 2 to this report. (|,})}) His information was complemented by the expert from the Netherlands, who said that an initial proposal to achieve the desired air quality standards had been prepared for consideration by the Council of Ministers during June1997. In the discussion which followed some technical details of the proposal were discussed, including the questions of onboard diagnostics (OBD), emission limits and fuel quality.  r5x (b)Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption Documentation: Informal document No. 13 of annex 1 to this report.  r5 18.The expert from the United States of America evaluated the challenges of the commitment to limit emissions of greenhouse gases in his country. He distributed informal document No. 13 containing a Technical report of the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) entitled "LightDuty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends Through 1996", the U.S. National Research Council's review of the programme "Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV)" and a Declaration of Intent for this PNGV, which had been formed by Ford, Chrysler and General Motors.  r5 19.Reports about similar partnership programmes were also given by the experts from France and Germany. The French manufacturers have committed themselves to an average fuel economy figure of 150 g/km CO2 by 2005. The expert from Germany said that, in his country, the target was to reduce by voluntary agreement the fleet fuel consumption of new vehicles by 25 per cent in 2005 with respect to 1990. Also the experts from Italy and Japan reported on voluntary agreements between the Governments and vehicle manufacturers in their countries. The representative of OICA confirmed that manufacturers should continue their efforts to develop new technologies in order to reduce fuel consumption of vehicles. He said that gasfuelled vehicles had 22 per cent lower CO2 emissions in comparison with those using a liquid fuel. Referring to the situation in Germany, another expert from OICA expressed a hope that, considering their inherently lower fuel consumption, no further limitation would be imposed on the production and use of compressionignition engines for passenger cars.  r5  20.The expert from the EC said that the Commission's target for the year2010 of 5l/100km for petrolfuelled vehicles and 4.5l/100km for those using diesel fuel was equal to about 120 g/km CO2. He said that means considered to promote vehicles with increased fuel economy included:  r5 (a)n labelling of vehicles;#  r5 (b)n consideration of voluntary agreements with the industry;#  r5! (c)n study of the fiscal measures which could be applied.#  r5(# 21.In connection with the abovereported efforts, the Meeting of Experts noted that global calculations show that on land only 4 per cent of CO2 emissions result from human activities, about 25 per cent of that from all modes of transport (i.e. about 1 per cent of the total land CO2 emissions). However, and also with respect to energy saving, there was full understanding that the efforts towards more fuel efficient and less polluting vehicles should continue. The Meeting of Experts agreed to keep this item on its agenda and to continue its monitoring of the future developments.(|,})})ԌAMENDMENTS TO ECE REGULATIONS WITH RESPECT TO LPG AND NGFUELLED VEHICLES/ENGINES  r5X (a)Regulation No. 67 (Equipment for liquefied petroleum gas) Documentation: TRANS/WP.29/R.808; TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.280; informal documents Nos. 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 17 and 21 of annex 1 to this report.  r5@ 22.Recalling the decision which had been made during the thirtythird session (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, paras. 39 and 40), the Meeting of Experts noted the proposal for draft Supplement 2 to Regulation No. 67 (TRANS/WP.29/R.808) with the corrigenda signalled by Greece (informal document No. 10) and by the Netherlands (informal document No. 21). The Meeting of Experts considered the proposal to be important and urgent, particularly with respect to the situation in the European Union, where the reception of all vehicle types should be mandatory as from 1 January 1998.  r5H 23. The expert from France introduced informal document No. 17, proposing additional amendments to the above proposal, addressing the question of overpressure caused by extreme ambient temperatures. With a reference to the introductory note in this informal document, the expert from Italy said that extreme climatic conditions require for his country to raise the pressure setting of the relief valve from 2,300 to 2,600 kPa (see para.6.14.8.4. of the proposal). He made this request a condition for accepting document TRANS/WP.29/R.808 and said that low pressure setting of the relief valve might cause fuel spill.  r5 24.To address the concern of the expert from Italy, France suggested two alternative solutions:  r5 (a)n 80 per cent filling of the tank and in certain cases protection by a relief valve set to 25  2 bar (2,500  200 kPa);#  r58 (b)n 80 per cent filling of the tank, 27  1 bar, no relief valve.# The expert from Italy indicated clearly his preference for solution (b) and indicated that a unique solution should be adopted, applicable to all climatic conditions in Europe.  r5  25.The expert from AEGPL introduced informal documents Nos. 5, 6 and 7 containing draft CEN standards and a proposal to make references to those draft standards in the text of the Regulation (informal document No. 8). She indicated that discussion was in progress to make a reference to those draft standards in the corresponding EU Directive. Note by the secretariat: Consideration of the proposal by AEGPL continued at the onehundredandtwelfth session of WP.29 and it was decided "not to refer to suggested draft standards for the time being" (TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 64).  r5(# 26.Taking account of the technical difficulties reported above, WP.29/GRPE invited the experts from Italy and the Netherlands to validate the solutions noted in paragraph 24 above in time for the onehundredandthirteenth session of the Working Party. Note by the secretariat: At its onehundredandtwelfth session the Working Party decided to send document TRANS/WP.29/R.808 to the Meeting of Experts for reconsideration at its thirtyfifth session (TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 5(iii)). (|,})})Ԍ r5 ԙ(b)Regulation No. 83 (Emissions of M1 and N1 categories of vehicles) Documentation: TRANS/WP.29/R.809 and Corr.1; informal documents Nos. 11 and16 of annex 1 to this report.  r5 27.Informal document No. 11 was examined by the Meeting of Experts and adopted with modifications (Note by the secretariat: For the adopted text see TRANS/WP.29/566, annex 5).  r5 28. Informal document No. 16 was considered (see also para. 11 above), but not adopted.  r5` 29.The Meeting of Experts confirmed that documents TRANS/WP.29/R.809 and Corr.1 should be considered by the Working Party and the Administrative Committee AC.1 at its sixth session (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 47) with the amendments based on informal document No. 11 (see para. 27 above). (Note by the secretariat: Adopted by AC.1 at its sixth session see TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 130; final document TRANS/WP.29/581.)  r5 (c)Regulation No. 101 (CO2 emissions and fuel consumption ofpassengercars) Documentation: TRANS/WP.29/R.811.  r5 30.The Meeting of Experts confirmed that document TRANS/WP.29/R.811 should be considered by the Working Party and the Administrative Committee AC.1 at its sixth session (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 52). (Note by the secretariat: Adopted by AC.1 at its sixth session see TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 132; final document TRANS/WP.29/583.)  r5 (d)Regulation No. 85 (Measurement of the net power) Documentation: TRANS/WP.29/R.810.  r5  31.The Meeting of Experts confirmed that document TRANS/WP.29/R.810 should be considered by the Working Party and the Administrative Committee AC.1 at its sixth session (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/33, para. 48); the alternative proposals for measuring the highest instead of lowest power were approved (see TRANS/WP.29/R.810). (Note by the secretariat: Adopted by AC.1 at its sixth session see TRANS/WP.29/566, para. 131; final document TRANS/WP.29/582). |,})}) EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL REQUIREMENTS ONEMISSIONS Documentation: Informal document No. 12 of annex 1 to this report.  r5 32.The following information was given: European Union (EU) countries Note from the European Commission (EC): In February 1997, the EC submitted its proposals for the next stage of emission limits applicable to light commercial vehicles to the European Parliament and the Council of Ministers. The proposals set 2 stages: The first stage sets limits for class I according to those already proposed for cars, with proportional limits for classes II and III. The type approval date for class I is 1 January 2000 (same as cars), whilst the date for classesII and III is 1 January 2001. A second stage applicable in 2005 is also proposed, as indicative limits, to allow EU Member States to apply fiscal incentives to encourage the early introduction of cleaner vehicles. The onboard diagnostics (OBD) is proposed with limits for OBD monitoring set for both stages. The EC expects discussions to proceed during the term of the Luxembourg Presidency of the EU (JulyDecember 1997). Denmark: Change in the vehicle annual taxation system concluded  r5 (i)based on the energy consumption/CO2 emission; range 50, ECU p.a. to 2000. ECU p.a. for petrolfuelled vehicles, 200 ECU p.a. to 3000. ECU p.a. for dieselfuelled vehicles;  r5 (ii)from 1 January 1998 special tax incentive for light commercial vehicles meeting emissions proposed for EURO 3 and EURO;  r5 (iii)tax on petrol graduated in 5 steps according to benzene content. More detailed (written) information possibly at the next session. Japan: Information about a partial revision of Type Designation Regulation for Motor Vehicles (informal document No. 12):  r5 (i)Only one truck or bus (previously two) to be presented for a durability test (pollution); safetyrelated durability test abolished (as from 24March1997);  r5 (ii)Expansion of the scope of requirements for the antipollution equipment 30,000 km durability test of a dieselpowered truck or bus with 2.5tuQ!+ ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?B++  r5  1.CONCAWE 1.1.(E;;1Proposal for draft amendments to Regulation No. 49, Annex 5 Technical Characteristics of Reference Fuel#;  r5(  2.Italy 7.2.(E;;1Proposal for annex 3 to doc. TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.269 Uniform provisions concerning: Gas cylinders; High pressure cylinder for the onboard storage of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles#;  r5  3.Switzerland 1.1.(E/F;;1Swiss proposal concerning Top 1.1 for GRPE meeting on 9th11th June 1997#;  r5  4.OICA 1.1.(E;;1Regulation No. 49 Revision x: Uniform provisions concerning the approval of compression ignition (C.I.) engines and vehicles equipped with c.i. engines with regard to the emissions of pollutants by the engine#;  r5p  5.AEGPL 5.1.(E/F/G;;1Automotive liquefied petroleum gas components Tanks (European Standard Draft prEN 12805, dated March 1997)#;  r5  6.AEGPL 5.1.(E/F/G;;1Automotive liquefied petroleum gas components Other than tanks (European Standard Draft prEN 12806, dated March 97)#;  r5  7.AEGPL 5.1.(E;;1Automotive LPGsystems: Installation requirements (European Standard [Draft] prEN xxx, dated January 1997)#;  r5  8.AEGPL 5.1.(E;;1AEGPL Proposal for Amendments to Regulation 67 with a view to referencing CEN/TC 286 standards#;  r5#  9.Netherlands 7.2.(E;;1Comments on doc. TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.269 (Equipment and Installation of equipment for CNG)#;   r5' 10.Greece 5.1.(E;;1Editorial corrections of doc. TRANS/WP.29/R.808#; x h(<;;1Supplement to informal document No.10#;( |,(})ԌNo. Transmitted Agenda Language Title    by   item      + ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?B+ ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?B++  r5  11.OICA 5.2.(E;;1OICA request for changes to be made in document TRANS/WP.29/R.809#;  r5x 12.Japan 6.(E;;1Abolition of Presentation of the Vehicle Running for Longdistances to Certify the Durability as Regards Safety Partial Revision of Type Designation Regulation for Motor Vehicles#;  r5( 13.United 4.2.(E;;1Programs for the Reduction of Carbon  r5 States of (;;1Dioxide Emissions and Fuel Consumption in  r5 America (;;1the U.S.  r5H 14.Switzerland 1.1.(E;;1EURO 3 ELR: Test Program on Comparison of different Opacimeters#;  r5 15.Hungary 7.1.(E;;1Remarks concerning the new draft regulation on motor vehicles using CNG (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.279 part II)#;  r5 16.European 1.2.,(E;;1Comments on the proposal for the approval  r5 Commission 5.2.(;;1of vehicles equipped with LPG and NG fuelled engines (choice of the reference fuels)#;  r5 17.France 5.1.(E/F;;1Proposal for draft amendments to Supplement 2 to Regulation No. 67 (document TRANS/WP.29/R.808)#;  r5 18.OICA 1.1.(E;;1Untitled (Re: Proposed references to an eventual World Harmonized Test Cycle in the future revision of Regulation No. 49)#;  r5 19.United 7.1.(E;;1UK comments on the proposal for a draft  r5 Kingdom (;;1Regulation on the retrofit systems for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) (TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/R.279)#;  r5! 20.Brainstorming 1.1.(E;;1Objectives / Justification for Worldwide  r5`" Group on Test (;;1Harmonization Cycles  r5$ 21.Netherlands 5.1.(E;;1Corrigenda to the English version of document TRANS/WP.29/R.808#; /__________ ' |,(})Ԍ r5  A7Eo7|sTRANS/WP.29/GRPE/34 page  Annex 2AFo|s (;;1=CCC TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/34  (;;1=CCC page   (;;1=CCC Annex 2 61Annex 2ă + ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?B+ 2 ;CK!#%S(*-[/1 4c68;k=?B++ : STATEMENTS OF THE EXPERT FROM THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION  r5  Re.REGULATION No. 49  r5 (a)Development of the emission testing procedure The European Commission is finalizing its proposals for heavyduty vehicles on the basis of the work in Mr. Stein's expert group and the conclusions of Mr. Dunne's adhoc test cycle group. At this time the technical annexes are in the translation phase since Commission procedures require proposals to be in English/French/German languages for agreement within the Commission. The legal articles and Annex I are being finalized. The content will be a new stage of emission limits for EURO 3, for the year 2000 (October) on the basis of the 30 per cent reductions in NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions developed in the AutoOil Programme. The correlation factors between the present 13mode cycle and the OICA and FIGE cycles will be accounted for. On the OICA cycle, the 2000 limits equal to 5.0g/kWh for NOx and 0.1 g/kWh for PM. A specific PM limit for small capacity, high speed diesel engines is also being considered, i.e. engines with a cylinder capacity <700 cm3/cylinder and a rated power speed >3,000miné1. The test cycles for EURO 3 will be recommended by Mr.Dunne's group for the various engine types. A EURO 4 stage will also be proposed and the Commission is presently finalizing the requirements for this stage. EURO 4 will give indicative limits which will be the basis for a fiscal framework in the European Union. EURO 4 limits and test cycles will be subject to a review in good time before its date of 2005 on the basis of technology fuel quality and also the progress towards global harmonization (Mr. Havenith's group). Onboard diagnostics (OBD) is not envisaged for EURO 3; there are fundamental questions relating to OBD limits and OBD monitoring cycle to be answered. OBD may be optional for EURO 3, but respecting the present standards for OBD communication, OBD tools, fault codes, diagnostic connector, etc. The review referred to above will look at the potential for mandatory OBD for the EURO 4 stage. When provisions for gas fuelled engines are complete, these will be added to the proposals, including appropriate limits for EURO 3 and EURO 4. The Commission's aim is to make its formal proposal by September and transmit it to the European Parliament and to the Council of Ministers. The proposal is due to be discussed during the term of the United Kingdom's presidency (January July 1998). .* * * (|,(})Ԍ r5 Re.PERSPECTIVES IN TRANSPORT AND THE ENVIRONMENT  r5 (a)Technical requirements for vehicles after the year 2000 The AutoOil II Programme (AO2P) was launched on 28/29 January 1997 at a symposium hosted by the European Commission in Brussels. The basis for the AO2P is to review the indicative limits for passenger cars proposed for the year 2005 stage of the proposals presently being discussed in the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament. An Article in proposal requires the Commission to bring forward proposals to confirm or modify the year 2005 limits on the basis of a review of future air quality, advances in technology and fuel quality, changes to test procedures, alternative fuels, fiscal measures and the potential emission reductions from all sources of pollution. This study should be completed by December 1998. The Commission has formulated a working plan and seven working groups (WG) have begun work. These seven working groups are looking at:  r5 WG1 2 2 Environmental Targets  r5 WG2 2 2 Vehicle Technology  r5h WG3 2 2 Fuels  r50 WG4 2 2 Inspection and Maintenance / Roadworthiness Testing  r5 WG5 2 2 Nontechnical measures (road pricing, traffic management, etc.)  r5 WG6 2 2 Fiscal Measures  r5 WG7 2 2 Cost Effectiveness Modelling Working Group WG1 will provide the future air quality targets which WG2 toWG6 will us as the basis to formulate solutions to achieve those air quality targets. WG7 will take the information from all the other WGs and develop a package of costeffective measures to achieve future air quality targets. This will than form the basis of any recommendations to revise the indicative limits for 2005 and necessary fuel quality. A contact group will meet at intervals during the study period where the progress of the AO2P plus results from the WG's will be disseminated to interested parties. The Commission will report on the progress of the AO2P in the next session of WP.29/GRPE. /__________